Jack Ma, founder of e-commerce giant Alibaba, has not been seen in public since he delivered a speech critical of China’s economic policies in October.

LEARN MORE:
Missing and incarcerated: What is happening within China’s borders?: https://abcn.ws/3nczYIB

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In which John Green teaches you about the end of World History, and the end of the world as we know it, kind of. For the last hundred years or so, it seemed that one important ingredient for running an economically successful country was a western-style democratic government. All evidence pointed to the idea that capitalist representative democracies made for the best economic outcomes. It turns out that isn't the only way to succeed. In the last 40 years or so, authoritarian capitalism as it's practiced in places like China and Singapore has been working really, really well. John is going to look at these systems and talk about why they work, and he's even going to make a few predictions about the future. Also, thanks for watching this series. It has been amazingly fun to create, and we appreciate all of you.

Citation 1: John Micklethwait & Adrian Woolridge. The Fourth Revolution: The Global Race to Reinvent the State. Penguin, New York 2014 p. 68
Citation 2: Han Fook Kwang, ed., Lee Kuan Yew: The Man and His Ideas. Times Edition: 1997 p194
Citation 3: Quoted in Micklethwait & Woolridge, p155
Citation 4: Micklethwait & Woolridge, p159

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For the first time in six decades, China’s population is shrinking, and it’s predicted it could create a demographic crisis. That’s because China isn’t just shrinking, it’s also aging. And the majority of Chinese couples are not considering having more than one child. Because of this, China is predicted to lose nearly 50 percent of its population by 2100.

China’s population decline can be traced back to the restrictive family-planning policies launched in the 1970s and an impressive economic boom fueled by China’s huge labor force.
China’s modernization brought rapid urbanization, rising income levels, and better education to large parts of China. Combined, these policies and growth have given China one of the lowest birth rates in the world.

Today, China is trying to reverse its population decline. Not just because an aging population is hard to sustain economically, but because China’s impressive economic growth, until now, has relied on its people. As China’s population challenges deepen over time, it might have to rethink how to grow its economy and care for its citizens.

You can explore China’s birth and death rate data via the United Nations Population portal, here:
https://population.un.org/wpp/....Graphs/Probabilistic
https://population.un.org/wpp/....Graphs/Probabilistic

As well as the country’s total population and predictions here:
https://population.un.org/wpp/....Graphs/Probabilistic

Here are some key facts about China’s declining population from Pew Research:
https://www.pewresearch.org/fa....ct-tank/2022/12/05/k

You can read some surprising details about China’s family planning policies — for example, the One-Child Policy was actually less impactful than the Later, Longer, Fewer campaign — here: https://scholar.harvard.edu/fi....les/martinwhyte/file

Here’s an overview of China’s economic development from the World Bank:
https://www.worldbank.org/en/c....ountry/china/overvie

And a report on China’s income gap:
https://www.aeaweb.org/researc....h/charts/china-incom

For an in-depth look at the cruelty and human cost of China’s One-Child policy, I recommend the documentary One Child Nation by Nanfu Wang:
https://www.pbs.org/independen....tlens/documentaries/

You can explore population pyramids from across the world on the US Census Bureau’s website:
https://www.census.gov/data-tools/demo/idb/#/country?COUNTRY_YEAR=2023&COUNTRY_YR_ANIM=2023

Finally, our expert, Professor Wang Feng, believes China’s population growth can be framed in a positive light. To understand how, read this piece he wrote for the New York Times:
https://www.sltrib.com/opinion..../commentary/2023/02/

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Bibliography:
Asian Waters by Humphrey Hawksley
Asia's Cauldron by Robert Kaplan
Disunited Nations by Peter Zeihan
Why Nations Fail by James Robinson and Daron Acemoglu
The Origins of Political Order by Francis Fukuyama
The Next 100 Years by George Friedman
World Order by Henry Kissinger
The Best of Times and the Worst of Times by Michael Burleigh
Seeing Like a State by James C Scott
Destined for War by Graham Allison
Crashed by Adam Tooze
China's Asian Dream by Tom Miller
China by John Keay
Mao by Jung Chang
The Soul of China by Amaury de Riencourt
Oriental Ways of Thinking by Nakamura

NBC News' Josh Lederman gives a breakdown on the long-time spiritual feud between the Chinese government and the exiled Dalai Lama. He explains how tensions are reaching new heights amid the search for the leader's successor.  

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NBC News Digital is a collection of innovative and powerful news brands that deliver compelling, diverse and engaging news stories. NBC News Digital features NBCNews.com, MSNBC.com, TODAY.com, Nightly News, Meet the Press, Dateline, and the existing apps and digital extensions of these respective properties. We deliver the best in breaking news, live video coverage, original journalism and segments from your favorite NBC News Shows.

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#DalaiLama #China #WorldNews

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Sources: https://pastebin.com/M7a5efaW

A huge part of this video is based on Yuen Yuen Ang’s great book “China's Gilded Age: The Paradox of Economic Boom and Vast Corruption”. If you enjoyed this video, I recommend reading the full book: https://www.amazon.com/Chinas-....Gilded-Age-Economic- (not sponsored or an affiliate link)

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One of China's best-known politicians has been fired, exposing high stakes infighting within the communist party.

Bo She Lie had been seen as a strong contender for
top office.

The Chinese change leaders every ten years. The next transition is due later this year.

Al Jazeera's Melissa Chan reports from Beijing.

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From Deng Xiaoping in the 1980s to Xi Jinping today, China’s leaders have long said the country practises a unique type of socialism – “socialism with Chinese characteristics.” Framed as an adaptive, flexible socialism, it’s tailored specifically to China’s conditions and problems. Initially, the phrase meant an embrace of free markets, free enterprise and trade, to reverse the economic stagnation of the Mao Zedong years. However, current leader Xi Jinping has declared the start of a “new era”, requiring a new type of socialism with Chinese characteristics – with the clearest continuity being that the Communist Party remains large and in charge.

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China's top leaders have promised further reforms to develop its socialist market economy.
They include developing the services sector and boosting supply-side reforms. This comes after the Communist Party's highest executive body adopted a resolution at the end of its Third Plenary Session. The Central Committee's list of reforms aims to modernise the industrial complex and expand domestic demand, while curbing debt and risk in the property sector. Olivia Siong reports.

For years, good relations with China guaranteed the German economy healthy profits and cheap goods. But over time, that relationship has become a dependency. The documentary "In the Jaws of the Dragon - How to Deal with China?” explores the nature and extent of this reliance.

At a summit meeting to discuss the "New Silk Road” infrastructure project in October 2023, China’s President Xi appeared alongside Russian President Vladimir Putin. Whether in Asia or the Middle East - China is evidently pushing for a new world order, with offensives directed against the West. Germany is already feeling the consequences.

For a long time, trade with China flourished: From 1984, Volkswagen flooded the Chinese market with cars, ultimately exporting one in every three VWs to China. But now, Chinese companies like BYD are dominating the market with e-cars. And Germany’s reliance on China for computer chips, antibiotics and solar cells can now be seen as downright reckless. This dependence is becoming more evident as China increasingly comes up trumps both politically and economically. Whether regarding the Ukraine war, in its relations with Russia or its continued saber rattling in the conflict with Taiwan: Where China would have once conducted itself with restraint, it now demands its slice of global power. In Berlin, politicians are rubbing their eyes in disbelief: what was once a healthy relationship is now a codependency. And there’s no easy way out.

#documentary #dwdocumentary #China
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We all know who Xi Jinping is and what China's government may do, but how exactly is it structured? How exactly does it work?

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China’s former leader Hu Jintao was led out of the Communist Party congress in Beijing, shortly after reporters were allowed in.

The unexpected moment led to intense speculation.

Chinese state media reported that Hu Jintao "was not feeling well" during the session and was taken to a meeting room "for a rest".

Some have questioned this explanation.

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#China #BBCNews

New footage from the Chinese Communist party congress shows a series of interactions related to a file held by Hu Jintao, before the former president was hauled out of the room.
Subscribe to Guardian News on YouTube ► http://bit.ly/guardianwiressub

Outgoing politburo member Li Zhanshu can be seen pulling a file away from Hu, before Xi Jinping signals to some aides and gives them lengthy instructions. They then turn to Hu, and holding him by his arms remove him from the hall. Chinese media have reported that Hu was taken out of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing because he was feeling unwell.

The incident came as Xi Jinping was confirmed as the leader of the party for a precedent-breaking third term. Xi replaced Hu as China's president in 2013.

China’s leader Xi Jinping secures third term and stacks inner circle with loyalists ► https://www.theguardian.com/wo....rld/2022/oct/23/xi-j

Hu Jintao ‘not feeling well’ when he left China congress, says state media ► https://www.theguardian.com/wo....rld/2022/oct/23/hu-j

Who’s who in Xi Jinping’s China as leader cements power ► https://www.theguardian.com/wo....rld/2022/oct/23/whos

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The Communist Party of China has been the dominant political entity running the nation since 1949. During that time, the body also known as the Chinese Communist Party has led the country from a poor, insular existence to a role as a global economic powerhouse. But along the way, the party has kept a tight grip on power and quashed any form of dissent. The Post explains how the Communist Party works and how it runs China.


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Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on Modern Affairs continues with a video on China, in which we explain how Xi Jinping destroyed the Chinese political process, consolidating the power and the different groups within the Chinese elites. Previously we discussed if the West really wants to win the war against Russia (https://youtu.be/GDEsH8uBxac), if Russia is fascist, using a variety of academic definitions of this ideology (https://youtu.be/QFtluXVvw2E), about the delivery of F-16 aircraft to Ukraine, asking if it can become a gamechanger https://youtu.be/8f64SnDnXck, about Russian and Ukrainian economies (https://youtu.be/FqiQ99Fcsn0), about the Ukrainian Euromaidan of 2014, also known as the Revolution of dignity and deduced if it was a coup or a revolution (https://youtu.be/cx-RxyyeAjw), about Russian elites and various power brokers and groups, as we tried to deduce who is going to rule Russia after Putin (https://youtu.be/KvRxkVHIKc4), the European Union, discussing if it is a real superpower or an utopia (https://youtu.be/85KXEtX9ABc), short-term union that is fated to dissolve, about Russia, China and Iran and discussed their ties, interests and contradictions and try to deduce if Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping and Ali Khamenei can form a stable alliance - a new axis or support each other temporarily (https://youtu.be/wRAQezn85tw), made videos on the 15 Events that Defined the War in Ukraine (https://youtu.be/kB-fUwNFkNo) and on the possible vectors of the upcoming Ukrainian counter-attack (https://youtu.be/dLtk0I5LEXY) and on why we consider the war in Ukraine to be Unprovoked (https://youtu.be/bQbP4jTx2wU).

War in Ukraine - https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLaBYW76inbX
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Sources:
Cheung, O. (2023). Factional-Ideological Conflicts in Chinese Politics: To the Left or to the Right? (p. 190). Amsterdam University Press.
Li, Z., & Manion, M. (2023). The decline of factions: The impact of a broad purge on political decision making in China. British Journal of Political Science, 53(3), 815-834.
Shukla, S. (2021). The Rise of the Xi Gang: Factional Politics in the Chinese Communist Party. ORF Occasional Papers, 300.

Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: http://www.epidemicsound.com

#Documentary #Kingsandgenerals #China

President Xi Jinping wants to establish the People's Republic of China as the leading world power of tomorrow. Never before has China been so successful and pursued such ambitious goals.

And never before has China so upset the global political balance. The person largely responsible for China‘s dramatic shift is the President of the People's Republic, Xi Jinping. As the key figure in Chinese politics, he has steered the communist country with sober pragmatism and calculation since 2013.

In terms of domestic policy, Xi strives for the "perfect dictatorship." When it comes to foreign policy, he wants to rewrite the international rules. What are the goals of this mysterious autocrat, who was deeply influenced by Maoism in his youth? What motivates him? This documentary traces the rise of the Chinese president, and tries to answer the question of what his political plans for the future might look like.

The Chinese president’s friendly demeanor should not obscure the fact that Xi Jinping is willing to do anything to fulfill the mission of his Communist Party: To make China the leading economic and military power by 2049, the 100th birthday of the People's Republic.

In 2017, following extensive political purges, Beijing paved the way for Xi Jinping to be "president for life". His rallying cry is the "Chinese Dream," an ideology with nationalist overtones. Those who don't toe the line end up in prison and must publicly apologize. What’s more, a new electronic monitoring system is being implemented - to distinguish between good and bad citizens. On the international stage, Xi Jinping is trying to establish a new social order that is worrying for Western democracies.

This documentary on President Xi Jinping is the first of its kind. A People's Liberation Army officer close to the halls of power, a Beijing historian, several regime critics, a former US ambassador to China and several biographers attempt to decipher Xi Jinping‘s uncompromising strategy.

#documentary #dwdocumentary
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The general political philosophies of China and the United States, focusing primarily on China.

This video isn’t sponsored. If you want to support me, here are the best ways to do it:

1) Watch the whole video
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0:00 The Basics
2:23 Confucianism
04:24 The CCP
7:46 The Left and the Right
10:27 Linear vs. Lateral Thinking
19:14 War
20:52 Outro

Sources:

The Analects: Confucius
The Art Of War: Sun Tzu
The Governance Of China: Xi Jinping
The Selected Works Of Mao Zedong: Mao Zedong
On China: Henry Kissinger
The American Political Tradition: Richard Hofstadter
China In The 21st Century: Jeffrey Wasserstrom
The Party: Richard McGregor
Culture Hacks: Richard Conrad
Has China Won?: Kishore Mahbubani

This video is also available in Spanish and Portuguese on our channel.

The 20th Congress of the Communist Party of China is currently taking place and Dongsheng will be publishing a series of videos in order to better understand this political event.
China is at the center of the world’s economy and geopolitics, however little is known about its internal politics.
So, what is China’s political system? Is it really a dictatorship like the Western media claims?

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How Xi Jinping became China's most powerful leader since Mao Zedong

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Xi Jinping, president of China and general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party since 2012, is one of the most powerful political figures in the world. By initiating an unprecedented third term as China’s leader in October, 2022, Xi has signaled that he may plan to remain in power for life – making him the first Chinese leader since Mao Zedong to hold unchecked power over the People’s Republic of China.

But Xi’s connection to Mao goes deeper than a shared outlook that emphasizes unifying the party around a single leader. When Xi was just a young boy, his family – who had held elite party status thanks to his father’s pivotal role in Mao's “Long March” in 1935 – was denounced during Mao’s Cultural Revolution, a chaotic decade of purges and persecution that saw even Mao’s closest allies removed from power. During this time, a teenaged Xi was forced to work hard labor in the countryside outside of Beijing, and his father was imprisoned.

Xi’s subsequent rise after Mao died in 1976 was a methodical process in using his restored elite status as leverage to gain prominent party positions in rural provinces around China, culminating in his promotion to the all-powerful Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in 2007.

From there, Xi pulled from Mao’s playbook: purging his political rivals and promoting those with whom he shared close personal ties. This process undid the work of Mao’s successor, Deng Xiaoping, to prevent the consolidation of power around a single leader in China.

By the time his third term began in October 2022, Xi had reshaped the party and Chinese military leadership to be fully packed with Xi loyalists. And even in the face of social upheaval surrounding his failed Zero Covid policy, Xi has shown no sign of giving up any of the power he has consolidated since taking over as leader of the country.


Further reading:

These books and podcasts below helped us understand Xi Jinping’s rise, Xi’s similarities to Mao, how politics changed in the PRC since its founding, and the structure and culture of the CCP:

Coalitions of the Weak by Victor Shih (Associate Professor in China and Pacific Relations at the University of California, San Diego)
https://www.cambridge.org/core..../books/coalitions-of

Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era by Cheng Li (scholar and expert in Chinese elite politics)
https://www.brookings.edu/book....s/chinese-politics-i

Party of One by Chun Han Wong (Reporter at the Wall Street Journal)
https://www.simonandschuster.c....om/books/Party-of-On

Wealth and Power: China’s Long March to the Twenty-first Century by Orville Schell and John Delury
https://www.penguinrandomhouse.....com/books/161758/we

The Prince by Sue-Lin Wong (Correspondent at The Economist)
https://www.economist.com/audi....o/podcasts/the-princ

These databases and papers were also helpful in gaining a better understanding of Xi Jinping’s alliances and the CCP structure under his terms:

Decoding Chinese Politics interactive by Asia Society Policy Institute
https://asiasociety.org/policy....-institute/decoding-

CCP Elite Database by UCSD/Victor Shih
https://chinadatalab.ucsd.edu/elites/

China’s Political System in Charts: A Snapshot Before the 20th Party Congress by Susan V. Lawrence and Mari Y. Lee
https://crsreports.congress.go....v/product/pdf/R/R469

Xi Jinping’s Inner Circle by Cheng Li
https://www.brookings.edu/wp-c....ontent/uploads/2016/

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