Why some Americans’ votes count more than others.

Watch more of our election coverage: http://vox.com/ElectionVideos

In the 2000 US presidential election, the Democratic candidate got half a million more votes than the Republican. The Democrat lost. Sixteen years later the same thing happened again. In the US, if you run for president, it does not actually matter how many people in the country vote for you. What matters instead is an arcane system for selecting America’s head of state called the Electoral College.

The Electoral College is the reason the US has something called “swing states,” and it’s the reason those places get to decide the future of the country. It’s the reason presidential candidates almost never campaign in the country’s biggest cities. And more recently, it’s also the reason that Republican candidates have been able to eke out victories in the presidential election without actually getting the most votes.

The Electoral College makes some Americans’ votes more powerful than others. In fact, that’s part of the reason we have it to begin with; in the country’s early years, the Electoral College helped give the votes of Southern Whites more weight than the votes of Northerners. The idea at its core, that certain votes simply matter more than others, is baked into the American tradition. In the 2020 election, it may decide the winner.

Further reading:
The historian Alexander Keyssar’s book “Why Do We Still Have the Electoral College?” takes you through the history and function of the Electoral College: https://www.hup.harvard.edu/ca....talog.php?isbn=97806

For the bite-sized version of that history, Keyssar also wrote this piece in the New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/0....8/03/opinion/elector

The Times also had a great interactive feature on where the 2020 candidates actually spent money: https://www.nytimes.com/intera....ctive/2020/10/17/us/

Pew has a breakdown of how democracies around the world elect their head of state, which really shows what an oddball the US is: https://www.pewresearch.org/fa....ct-tank/2016/11/22/a

More on why today’s Electoral College gives Republican presidential candidates a structural advantage: https://www.vox.com/policy-and....-politics/2019/9/17/

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In which John Green teaches you where American politicians come from. In the beginning, soon after the US constitution was adopted, politics were pretty non-existent. George Washington was elected president with no opposition, everything was new and exciting, and everyone just got along. For several months. Then the contentious debate about the nature of the United States began, and it continues to this day. Washington and his lackey/handler Alexander Hamilton pursued an elitist program of federalism. They attempted to strengthen the central government, create a strong nation-state, and leave less of the governance to the states, They wanted to create debt, encourage manufacturing, and really modernize the new nation/ The opposition, creatively known as the anti-federalists, wanted to build some kind of agrarian pseudo-paradise where every (white) man could have his own farm, and live a free, self-reliant life. The founding father who epitomized this view was Thomas Jefferson. By the time Adams became president, the anti-federalists had gotten the memo about how alienating a name like anti-federalist can be. It's so much more appealing to voters if your party is for something rather than being defined by what you're against, you know? In any case, Jefferson and his acolytes changed their name to the Democratic-Republican Party, which covered a lot of bases, and proceeded to protest nearly everything Adams did. Lest you think this week is all boring politics, you'll be thrilled to hear this episode has a Whiskey Rebellion, a Quasi-War, anti-French sentiment, some controversial treaties, and something called the XYZ Affair, which sounds very exciting. Learn all about it this week with John Green.

Hey teachers and students - Check out CommonLit's free collection of reading passages and curriculum resources to learn more about the events of this episode. Much of America's politics came from debates between democratic republican Thomas Jefferson and federalist Alexander Hamilton: https://www.commonlit.org/texts/alexander-hamilton
While Jefferson would go on to become president, Hamilton heavily influenced President George Washington who set many American political ideals in his farewell address that Hamilton helped craft: https://www.commonlit.org/text....s/washington-s-farew

Chapters:
Introduction 00:00
Alexander Hamilton's Vision for America 0:26
Thomas Jefferson's Vision for America 2:10
Democratic-Republicans vs. Federalists 3:32
George Washington and the First U.S. Presidential Election 4:33
Hamilton's Five-Point Plan 5:04
Republican Opposition to Hamilton's Economic Plan 6:20
The Whiskey Rebellion 7:02
Early U.S. Foreign Affairs 7:31
The End of Washington's Presidency 8:36
Mystery Document 9:21
John Adams' Presidency 10:48
The Alien and Sedition Acts 11:56
Credits 13:24
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ABC News’ Political Director and Washington Bureau Chief Rick Klein breaks down the latest polls.


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Replacing our current system with proportional representation will make more room for the wide range of views in US politics.

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How much do you respect people who hold different political views from you? On today’s podcast, Galen speaks with Jeff Spinner-Halev and Elizabeth Theiss-Morse, political scientists and authors of the book “Respect and Loathing in American Democracy.” They conducted one of the first empirical studies of respect in American politics, exploring how modern partisans overwhelmingly struggle to respect their political enemies.

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Donald Trump recently complained about the level of support from Jewish voters. The Morning Joe panel discusses what makes Trump's remarks offensive.

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#Trump #Politics #Election

In which Craig Benzine introduces a brand new Crash Course about U.S. Government and Politics! This course will provide you with an overview of how the government of the United States is supposed to function, and we'll get into how it actually does function. The two aren't always the same thing. We'll be learning about the branches of government, politics, elections, political parties, pizza parties, and much, much more!

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios
Support is provided by Voqal: http://www.voqal.org

Chapters:
Introduction: Craig asks the big questions 00:00
What are government & politics and why do we study them? 1:58
How to participate in the U.S. political process 3:28
Crash Course Government & Politics will cover... 4:54
Credits 6:17

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Rachel Van Houten, with the Larimer County League of Women Voters, presents the basics of America's form of government. This program was presented at the Old Town Branch of the Poudre River Public Library District as part of their adult program series, Civics @ Your Library.

U.S. Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump questioned whether his Democratic rival Kamala Harris is ‘Black’ during a contentious interview at the country's largest annual gathering of Black journalists on Wednesday. Despite this new line of attack, pollster Paul Murray says the race is ‘much closer’ than it was before President Joe Biden dropped out.

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CNN's Zain Asher explains the process of working with delegates in the U.S. political system.

Alicia Menendez reports on the latest developments in the 2024 presidential race, including a new Bloomberg/Morning Consult poll showing Kamala Harris making up ground in swing states to wipe out Donald Trump's lead. Senator Alex Padilla joins to discuss.

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In which John Green teaches you about the United States Constitution. During and after the American Revolutionary War, the government of the new country operated under the Articles of Confederation. While these Articles got the young nation through its war with England, they weren't of much use when it came to running a country. So, the founding fathers decided to try their hand at nation-building, and they created the Constitution of the United States, which you may remember as the one that says We The People at the top. John will tell you how the convention came together, some of the compromises that had to be made to pass this thing, and why it's very lucky that the framers installed a somewhat reasonable process for making changes to the thing. You'll learn about Shays' Rebellion, the Federalist Papers, the elite vs rabble dynamic of the houses of congress, and start to find out just what an anti-federalist is.

Hey teachers and students - Check out CommonLit's free collection of reading passages and curriculum resources to learn more about the events of this episode. Founding Fathers debated over how to govern the new nation, beginning with the Articles of Confederation: https://www.commonlit.org/text....s/articles-of-confed
When the Founding Fathers finally wrote the Constitution, they realized that they needed to add The Bill of Rights to get citizens on board with the new government: https://www.commonlit.org/texts/the-bill-of-rights

Want to learn more about our government's structure? Watch Crash Course US Government & Politics here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrk4oY7UxpQ&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOfse2ncvffeelTrqvhrz8H

For a deeper look into The US Constitution, the 3/5 Compromise, and the Slave Trade Clause, check out Episode 9 of Crash Course Black American History: https://youtu.be/57xUbch1viI

Chapters:
Introduction 00:00
The Articles of Confederation 0:34
What did the Articles of Confederation Accomplish? 2:10
Shay's Rebellion 3:12
The United States Constitution 4:24
The Great Compromise Establishes the Bicameral Congress 6:14
The 3/5ths Compromise 7:13
Checks and Balances 8:04
The Federalist papers 9:31
Mystery Document 10:16
What is the Second Amendment? 10:59
Anti-Federalists 11:32
Credits 12:31

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View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-....is-power-divided-in-

Article II of the United States Constitution allows for three separate branches of government (legislative, executive, and judicial), along with a system of checks and balances should any branch get too powerful. Belinda Stutzman breaks down each branch and its constitutionally-entitled powers.

Lesson by Belinda Stutzman, animation by Johnny Chew.

Historian David Eisenbach examines America's two party system, from Republicans and Democrats to some of the fringe parties.

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How Republicans won Michigan, how they lost it, and what it all tells us.

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The “blue wall” once referred to a group of Northeast, Midwest, and West Coast states that, conventional wisdom said, “always vote for Democrats.” Unfortunately for Democrats, that was wrong, and in 2016 Donald Trump shockingly won three “blue wall” states — including, narrowly, the state of Michigan.

It maybe shouldn’t have been such a shock, though. All three of the “blue” states Trump won actually had a history of electing Republicans at the state level. Michigan in particular had been fully taken over since 2010 by Republicans, who then spent years gutting unions, restricting abortion, loosening environmental protections, and generally just turning a Republican policy wish list into law. So Trump winning Michigan was, in a way, just the culmination of a years-long drift to the right there.

But by 2022, something had changed dramatically. In a midterm election where Republicans were favored, Democrats won every branch of elected government in Michigan — governor, state House, and state Senate. The state Senate in particular had not been under Democratic control since 1984. And Democrats got busy using their new power immediately: repealing much of the right-wing legislation of the previous years, passing strong LGBTQ protections, quadrupling a tax credit for the poor, and allocating a billion dollars for the auto industry to transition to electric cars. Suddenly Michigan was cranking out more progressive legislation than almost any other state in the US.

So to recap: Michigan was once a blue state, except it wasn’t actually, and in fact over time it got pretty red, but then it became an actual blue state. (Again?) Or something like that. Obviously, the truth is that Michigan is a swing state. But the story of each of those swings is actually key to understanding how US politics work in the 2010s and 2020s. And it can tell us a lot about our next election, too.

Chapters:
0:00 The blue wall
2:42 Maps
4:52 The bellwether
9:51 Exit polls
13:08 2022
15:43 Michigan and the US

Correction: the timeline incorrectly shows Republicans winning control of the state House in 2006. Democrats won the House that year.

Sources:

For Michigan election data we drew from two useful websites from the Michigan Department of State. First, they have election results down to the county level going back to the late 90s: https://www.michigan.gov/sos/e....lections/election-re

They also have a tool that produces election results down to the city/township level: https://miboecfr.nictusa.com/c....gi-bin/cfr/precinct_

To show national and statewide exit polls over time, we used NBC News’s data — they’re among the only organizations whose granular exit poll results both nationally and statewide going back a decade are still publicly available.

Here are links to their Michigan exit polls from 2012-2022:
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2012-election/mic
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/elections/2014/mi
https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/mi/
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2018-election/mid
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2020-elections/mi
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2022-elections/mi

And here are their national exit polls from 2012-2022:
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2012-election/all
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/elections/2014/us
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2016-election/pre
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2018-election/mid
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2020-elections/ex
https://www.nbcnews.com/politi....cs/2022-elections/ex

The average per capita personal income of each Michigan county came from the US’s Bureau of Economic Analysis: https://shorturl.at/jtyM5

The question about whether the 2020 election should be overturned came from a May 2022 poll by Detroit’s chamber of commerce: https://www.detroitchamber.com..../wp-content/uploads/

The data on Middle Eastern and North African Americans came from the 2020 US Census (which was the first one ever to ask about the US’s MENA population!): https://www.census.gov/library..../stories/2023/09/202

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CNN senior data reporter Harry Enten looks at how Vice President Kamala Harris’ campaign has affected potential voter turnout and Robert F. Kennedy Jr’s Independent run for the White House. #CNN #News

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The electoral system in the United States needs a redesign, says political reformer Andrew Yang. Exposing the flaws of a system built on poor incentives, he proposes a cost-effective overhaul inspired by primary elections already working in places like Alaska and advocates for ranked-choice voting, where voters can choose candidates in order of preference regardless of party, stemming the influence of extreme ideologies.

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#TED #TEDTalks #election

The filibuster started as an accident. Today it lets the losers rule Congress.

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The US Senate is supposed to pass laws. But today, it’s broken. And it’s broken because of something called the filibuster, which has been part of Senate tradition for over 200 years. But the filibuster came into being by accident. And today, some politicians are suggesting we should get rid of it entirely.

Further reading:

* My colleague Matt Yglesias does a great job breaking down the 2020 Democrats’ debate over the filibuster: https://www.vox.com/2019/3/5/1....8241447/filibuster-r

* Ezra Klein dispels some myths about the filibuster: https://www.vox.com/2015/5/27/....18089312/myths-about

* The book “Politics of Principle?” from Sarah Binder and Steven Smith from the Brookings Institution, really helped me understand the Senate filibuster: https://www.brookings.edu/book..../politics-or-princip

* The book “Filibustering: A Political History of Obstruction in the House and Senate” from Gregory Koger, a University of Miami political scientist, puts the filibuster in a broader context: https://www.amazon.com/Filibus....tering-Political-Obs

* Lastly, this article from the Stanford Law Review answered some basic questions about the Senate filibuster: https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1682&context=faculty_scholarship;The

"Note: The headline for this video has been updated since publishing.
Previous headline: How the filibuster broke the US senate

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Political strategist Simon Rosenberg talks with Alex Wagner about how Vice President Kamala Harris has closed the polling gap with Donald Trump in swing states and is carrying momentum with politically favorable conditions and scheduled events that are likely to further boost her numbers.

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#KamalaHarris #DonaldTrump #2024election

Hawker Britton co-founder Bruce Hawker says Kamala Harris has “taken the world by storm” in the recent weeks.

Mr Hawker told Sky News Australia that the politics in America has “changed fundamentally”.

“She’s very much on the attack and on the rise.”